This article will guide you through the necessary steps to install ipw3945 wireless adapter on a CentOS / RHEL based distribution. Before we start, make sure that you have rpmforge repository configured. If you do not have, download it from here. # wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.i386.rpm # rpm -ivh...

MySQL is a simple SQL shell (with GNU read line capabilities). It supports interactive and non interactive use. When used interactively, query results are presented in an ASCII-table format. When used non interactively (for example, as a filter), the result is presented in tab-separated format. The output format can be changed using command options. After Installation of MySQL on Linux System, start it by, #...

There are a number of different ways to do root password recovery on a Linux system. Different distributions make it easier than others. You must be physically in front of the system. For Red Hat and Mandrake: Boot from your first install CD and as the very first screen comes up hit F2 and type: rescue ( For RedHat "linux rescue" ) and the computer will boot in rescue mode....

YUM is an interactive, rpm based, package manager. It can automatically perform system updates, including dependency analysis and obsolete processing based on "repository" metadata. It can also perform installation of new packages, removal of old packages and perform queries on the installed and/or available packages among many other commands/services (see below). yum is similar to other high level package ...

 In RedHat/CentOS/Fedora, software are packaged in .rpm format. rpm is a powerful Package Manager, which can be used to build, install, query, verify, update, and erase individual software packages. A package consists of an archive of files and meta-data used to install and erase the archive files. The meta-data includes helper scripts, file attributes, and descriptive information about the package. Packages...

Ping is used to check how many systems are up. Most of the hackers are using ping for finding the hackable machine. The hacking chances can be reduced by turning off ping response. For RHEL/Cent OS/Fedora Linux, open terminal as a root and execute, # sysctl -a | grep icmp net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_icmp_timeout = 30 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all =...

For Authentication, Account Management and Authorization, PAM is the core module and pam_unix provides mentioned functionality. Same module can be used to maintain a list of old passwords for every user. This is useful if you want to disallow use of old passwords. You can find out old password list from /etc/security/opasswd file. Open /etc/pam.d/system-auth file of Fedora Core or Red Hat or...

vm.swappiness is a tunable kernel parameter that controls how much the kernel favors swap over RAM. At the source code level, it’s also defined as the tendency to steal mapped memory. A high swappiness value means that the kernel will be more apt to unmap mapped pages. A low swappiness value means the opposite, the kernel will be less apt to unmap mapped pages. In other words, the higher the v...

If you are using Linux Desktop Operating System and do not want to set up an email server, use GMail account to relay emails. On Desktop OS, we can use GUI Email Clients, which supports POP3/IMAP to send an email but how about /usr/bin/mail or from cmd prompt? To fulfil your requirement, you need to install a simple program called ssmtp. It accepts a mail stream on standard input...

In Linux you can use faillog command to display failed login attempts or you can set login failure limits. faillog formats the contents of the failure log from /var/log/faillog database / secure log file. It also can be used for maintains failure counters and limits. For RHEL/CentOS Linux 5.x, you need to modify /etc/pam.d/system-auth file to monitor or track failed login attempts. You need to...

Anyone who has physical access to the keyboard can simply use the Ctrl Alt Delete key combination to reboot the server without passing any authentication credentials to server. To disable Ctrl Alt Delete, update /etc/inittab and make sure following line is commented out: # vim /etc/inittab # ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now Save and exit...

Dropbox is a Web-based file hosting service operated by Dropbox, Inc. which uses cloud computing to enable users to store and share files and folders with others across the Internet using file synchronization. It was founded in 2007 by MIT graduates Drew Houston and Arash Ferdowsi as a Y Combinator startup says Wikipedia.   To install DropBox on your system, download appropriate rpm for your...

Do you want to create a document using windows fonts in Linux? No problem, please install windows fonts using one of mentioned method. Method 1: Copy the *.ttf (True Type Fonts) fonts like Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, Courier New and Times New Roman from the windows partition to the fonts:// location in nautilus. Method 2: For Ubuntu users, and since Ubuntu does not have a...

Nikto is a web server scanner tool, which performs comprehensive checking against web servers for multiple items, including over 3500 potentially dangerous files/CGIs, versions on over 700 servers, and version specific problems more than 200 servers. Nikto is built on LibWhisker and can run on any platform which has a Perl environment, and supports SSL, proxies, host authentication, IDS...

Linux kernel has PC speaker bell driver called pcspkr.ko. It is responsible for generating beeps while users are working on Shell Prompts ( Both Virtual and GUI Terminals ). If you don't like it, simply remove driver from kernel. Login as a root and type the following command to unload the driver: # rmmod -v pcspkr Sample output: rmmod pcspkr, wait=no We...

bzip2 compresses  files  using  the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding.   Compression  is  generally considerably   better   than   that   achieved   by  more  conventional LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and approaches the performance of the  PPM family of statistical compressors. To list the contents of a tar.bz2 file, use tar command as follows: ...

You can easily block SSH server attacks including dictionary based attacks and brute force attacks using a Python based script - DenyHosts. It analyzes the sshd log messages to determine what hosts or IPs are attempting to hack into your system. STEP 1: Enable Rpmforge Repo in your system, For 32bit CentOS / RHEL Linux enter: # rpm -Uhv...

Nginx quickly delivers static content with efficient use of system resources. It can deploy dynamic HTTP content on a network using FastCGI handlers for scripts, and can serve as a very capable software load balancer. Nginx uses an asynchronous event-driven approach to handling requests which provides more predictable performance under load, in contrast to the Apache HTTP server model that uses a threaded or...

As you login as “root” right from booting the system, all the privileges are set to root, what makes your system more vulnerable to your own mistakes and those wishing to enter your system. As you login as normal user, the privileges are limited, thus it´s safer. To be able to do administrative tasks you can temporally login as root using “su” in a console/terminal, that way the root privileges ...

RRDtool is the Open Source industry standard, high performance data logging and graphing system for time series data. Use it to write your custom monitoring shell scripts or create whole applications using its Perl, Python, Ruby, TCL or PHP bindings. RRDTOOL is required by many network monitoring utilities like cacti, nagios & many others. To install RRDTool CentOS/Red Hat, # wget...

The mysqldump client is a backup program originally written by Igor Romanenko. It can be used to dump a database or a collection of databases for backup or transfer to another SQL server (not necessarily a MySQL server). The dump typically contains SQL statements to create the table, populate it, or both. However, mysqldump can also be used to generate files in CSV, other delimited text, or XML...

Reading or accessing NTFS partitions in Linux is important for many reasons. NTFS-3G is an open source cross-platform implementation of the Microsoft Windows NTFS file system with read-write support. NTFS-3G often uses the FUSE file system interface, so it can run unmodified on many different operating systems.  Before we start, make sure that you have rpmforge repository configured. If you do not have,...

Do you want to Download your favorite you tube video in Linux? No problem! Here I have mentioned all steps to download you tube video using Linux Terminal.   Step 1: Install youtube-dl package by executing, On Ubuntu, $ sudo apt-get install youtube-dl On Fedora, RedHat, CentOS, # yum install youtube-dl -y Step 2: After having successfully installed youtube-dl, open a...

memtester is a user-space utility for testing the memory subsystem in a computer to determine if it is faulty. It does a good job of finding intermittent faults and non-deterministic faults. It has many tests to help catch borderline memory. memtester should compile and run on any 32- or 64-bit Unix or Unix-like system. Download latest version of memtester from...

In computer science, Memory Leakage occurs when a computer software or program consumes required memory but unable to memory after completing its task or when no longer needed to Operating System. There are two types of Memory Leakage. One is Virtual Memory Leakage and another is Real Memory Leakage. Now first Identify cached memory or unused memory by executing, ...